Critical minerals are the raw materials of modern power, from the gallium and germanium that go into semiconductors to the rare earths behind defense systems and clean energy. Control over their mining, processing, and export has become a strategic weapon, and China’s dominance of key supply chains gives Beijing leverage it has shown a willingness to use. This hub follows the race to secure critical minerals: China export controls and their fallout, supply chain diversification, and the links between mineral security, semiconductor production, and the wider technology competition with China. It tracks gallium and germanium, the rare earths behind defense systems, the reach of China export controls, and supply chain diversification across allied economies. Fellows and analysts assess the vulnerabilities in Western supply chains, the policy tools available to close them, and the stakes for economic security and defense. Explore analysis and commentary on the rare earths and minerals shaping the contest for technological and economic advantage.